Design with Finite Elements. Lectures by Topics
On this page the parts of the lectures are organized by topic. If you want to follow the full lectures, lecture by lecture go to the education category.
The Assignment
- L1: Assignment // Aim of the course
- L4: Assignment // General advice
- L1: Assignment // General explanation
- L7: Assignment // Minimal requirements final report
- L6: Assignment // Minimum requirements Final Report
- L6: Assignment // Report: necessary details
- L1: Assignment // Which: constraints, FEM loads, Individual loads, number of calculations, checks
- L1: Assignment // Yield, local buckling, global buckling, fatigue, number of moves of crane, stability, crane standard NEN2018 / NEN2019
Crane design
- L3: Design // Change the shape of each element of the crane / Why are the top and bottom thicker plates than the side plates?
- L1: Design // Different types of cranes, Q: why rail distance is the same
- L3: Design // Dimensions of a crane – weights
- L4: Design // Dimensions of the crane
- L1: Design // Dimensions, Q: Why do containers stay the same in width, cornerloads, operational speeds, Q: why use m/min instead of m/s
- L3: Design // Own weight of crane
- L4: Design // Plate thickness – thickness of beams
- L2: Design // Trolley passing construction
- L4: Design // Weight info (engine room, structural parts, wind)
FEM basics
- L2: FEM Basics // Beam release
- L6: FEM Basics // Calculation Methods (Static, Eigenfrequencies, Harmonic, Power spectral density, Buckling, Transient)
- L2: FEM Basics // Connecting boom to forestay (Skip for assignment)
- L2: FEM Basics // Connection of beams with Offsets
- L2: FEM Basics // Constraints Bogie sets
- L3: FEM Basics // Constraints: Bogie Sets
- L2: FEM Basics // Element stress vs Nodal stress
- L6: FEM Basics // FEM results vs. real stresses
- L6: FEM Basics // Global Buckling
- L6: FEM Basics // Harmonic
- L2: FEM Basics // Joints and hinge points
- L2: FEM Basics // Mass distribution How to add the engine room
- L1: FEM Basics // Mathematics behind FEM, Why called FEM, nice pictures, LEGO (elements),
- L2: FEM Basics // Mesh Size and type
- L6: FEM Basics // Metal non-linearities
- L2: FEM Basics // Modeling details: Stiffeners, Mass distribution, Hinge points and plate hinges, Stiff connections and constraints
- L2: FEM Basics // Modeling: Beam simplification: No stiffeners included
- L6: FEM Basics // Non-linearities
- L1: FEM Basics // Q: What is Finite Element Method, Assumptions made
- L2: FEM Basics // Real hinge points
- L6: FEM Basics // Stress stiffening and spin softening
- L2: FEM Basics // Warping and torsion
FEM theory
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Buckling – Structural Instability
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Buckling of stiffned plates – important parameters
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Buckling stress vs. Slenderness Ratio
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Euler Buckling
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Euler Buckling – Geometric effect
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Euler Buckling – with imperfections
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Johnson Equation for Buckling
- L6: Theory – Xiaoli // Solving Buckling Problems
Explanation of topics from the Crane standard NEN2018/2019
- L5: Standards // Allowable Yield Stress
- L5: Standards // Buckling length
- L3: Standards // Classification
- L5: Standards // Create Cripple Check: Steps
- L5: Standards // Create Static Stress Check: Steps
- L5: Standards // Cripple Check (Beam Buckling)
- L1: Standards // Example of standard (loads to be applied to crane)
- L5: Standards // Fatigue check
- L5: Standards // Fatigue check: Steps
- L4: Standards // Hoisting factor
- L3: Standards // M-factor
- L4: Standards // M-factor
- L6: Standards // Slenderness influence on safety factor
- L5: Standards // Static Stress check
- L3: Standards // Use of standard
- L5: Standards // Weld classification
The different Loads on the crane (and how to apply them)
- L4: Loads // Buffer actions
- L3: Loads // Buffer load
- L4: Loads // Buffer load trolley
- L7: Loads // Crane ride
- L7: Loads // Description of Individual loads
- L3: Loads // Extra ordinary loads (snag, bumping, extraordinal climate)
- L3: Loads // Hoisting Load
- L3: Loads // Hoisting load in different configurations
- L4: Loads // Hoisting weight + safe working load
- L3: Loads // Horizontal Inertia Loads
- L3: Loads // Horizontal skew loads
- L4: Loads // Horizontal skew loads
- L4: Loads // I have 2 wheels of my trolley, where to apply the loads
- L4: Loads // Inertia due to movements (trolley travel, crane travel, boom raising)
- L3: Loads // Load combinations
- L4: Loads // Load combinations
- L5: Loads // Load combinations
- L7: Loads // Side load
- L3: Loads // Slanting rope pull
- L3: Loads // Stairway loads
- L4: Loads // Trolley positions (where to apply the individual loads)
- L4: Loads // Which loads to apply
- L7: Loads // Wind
- L4: Loads // Wind directions
- L3: Loads // Wind load
- L4: Loads // Wind load
How to make a FEM model of your crane
- L7: FEMAP // Boom up calculations
- L7: FEMAP // Boom up in report
- L2: FEMAP // Building curves
- L3: FEMAP // Connecting Elements
- L3: FEMAP // Continue low eigenmodes because of rods
- L3: FEMAP // Copy element
- L3: FEMAP // Eigenmodes close to 0
- L3: FEMAP // Elements with zero length
- L3: FEMAP // How to change the shape of an element
- L3: FEMAP // How to make a mesh + define vector
- L3: FEMAP // Low eigenmodes because of rods
- L3: FEMAP // Model beam offset
- L2: FEMAP // Removing the mesh + meshing
- L5: FEMAP // Switch off element orientation
- L3: FEMAP // Using beam releases – element coordinate system
- L3: FEMAP // Vector of mesh control
How to set up all the calculations and to complete the documentation
- L1: SDC Verifier // 3 Reports: Report Results, Tables, Plots, Wizard and Designer
- L7: SDC Verifier // Add reaction forces
- L5: SDC Verifier // Add standards
- L1: SDC Verifier // Beam buckling lengths
- L1: SDC Verifier // Beam member length Y and length Z, Plate length and width, Weld classification, Customizable checks, Reporting
- L1: SDC Verifier // Conclusion: Euler buckling
- L1: SDC Verifier // Fatigue results comparison
- L1: SDC Verifier // General introduction
- L1: SDC Verifier // Individual Load, Load Set, Load Group (add safety factors, parts heavier than expected)
- L2: SDC Verifier // Linear Calculation core: Load combinations quick calculation method
- L7: SDC Verifier // Make a new view
- L7: SDC Verifier // Make a result report
- L7: SDC Verifier // Menu structure in (model setup / results) report
- L7: SDC Verifier // Model setup report
- L1: SDC Verifier // parametric crane built program
- L2: SDC Verifier // See maximum result: load group
- L1: SDC Verifier // Simple Stress Check + need for standard
- L1: SDC Verifier // Standards and checks
- L2: SDC Verifier // Store / manage views + deformation
- L3: SDC Verifier // Store views
- L1: SDC Verifier // Use embedded or stand alone version of the software
- L1: SDC Verifier // Weld finders
- L2: SDC Verifier // What use SDC Verifier for
- L1: SDC Verifier // Wind
Explanation on FEA results:
- L5: Results // Check buckling stress
- L5: Results // Check maximum stress per element at different POI
- L5: Results // Slenderness of beam
- L5: Results // Stiffness (eigenfrequencies)
Explanation with example crane:
- L7: Example // Add Element group / Classification group
- L7: Example // Add kappa value
- L7: Example // Add Load groups + safety factor
- L7: Example // Add plots in detailed report
- L7: Example // Add standards
- L7: Example // Add weld types
- L7: Example // Add white background to plot
- L7: Example // Allowable Stress Fatigue
- L2: Example // Apply loads to the crane (gravity, tip load, back load) + how to highlight node where force is applied
- L7: Example // ASD Static Stress Check
- L2: Example // Calculation
- L7: Example // Change from 2D to 3D
- L7: Example // Change legend in plot
- L7: Example // Change of names of individual loads
- L2: Example // Constraints bogies to the ground
- L7: Example // Continue load sets
- L7: Example // Cripple check
- L7: Example // Define category for each check
- L7: Example // Fatigue Check
- L7: Example // Fatigue Check create a plot
- L7: Example // Length factor
- L7: Example // Load factors
- L2: Example // Load group
- L2: Example // Load sets
- L7: Example // Load sets
- L2: Example // Make a job + individual loads
- L2: Example // Make a plot
- L7: Example // Matrix for load factors
- L2: Example // Matrix introduction
- L7: Example // New project
- L7: Example // Plot Criteria plot
- L7: Example // Plots for static stress check
- L7: Example // Remove boom up from plot
- L7: Example // Set material type
- L7: Example // Set the general views
- L7: Example // Static calculations (import all inidividual loads and constraints)
- L7: Example // Static Stress Check
- L7: Example // Static Stress Check boom up
- L7: Example // Store ‘Complete crane boom down view’
- L7: Example // Trolley ride load
- L7: Example // Warning: Tensile Strength is used in Calculations / Change material details
- L7: Example // What happens if you change material type
Questions and encountered problems from students:
- L7: Question // Can the order of individual loads be changed?
- L2: Question // Can we model this in another way, just show the shape
- L4: Question // Constraints are not working – constraintsets
- L4: Question // Constraints on bogie set
- L4: Question // Delete a beam release
- L2: Question // Difference crane width and support width + bay explanation
- L7: Question // Do we have to add the emergency brake?
- L5: Question // Do we have to apply the wind all combined or separately
- L7: Question // Do you have to operate with boom up?
- L7: Question // Don’t you use the buffer of the crane and the trolley together?
- L3: Question // Element with zero length
- L5: Question // Fatal error: illegal data on bulk data entering
- L3: Question // Fatal Error: singularities found (how can we find them – Modal analysis to find loose objects)
- L6: Question // Forces in SDC & Warping
- L4: Question // Forestay + bending moment
- L2: Question // HELP! Error nodes on same spot
- L2: Question // HELP! Error SINGULARITIES (coincident nodes and coincident elements)
- L3: Question // HELP! How do I get to quicksupport
- L3: Question // HELP! I have a double model
- L2: Question // HELP! My forces don’t show
- L3: Question // HELP! My model has strange deformations – displacements too large
- L2: Question // HELP! My model is gone / Active group
- L3: Question // HELP! Oke to skip the curves that do not have meshing attributes
- L3: Question // HELP! Split elements: No nodes to merge, still singularities -> need to split elements
- L2: Question // HELP! Strange displacement in my plot
- L2: Question // HELP! Where do I click on SDC – not responding
- L3: Question // HELP! Why does my new element not show
- L7: Question // How can I remove labels at results
- L2: Question // How can you make sure that the engine room does not influence the stiffness of the structure?
- L2: Question // How detailed should the crane be modelled?
- L3: Question // How do I change view: lines, text, numbers, colours, legenda on/off
- L5: Question // How to remove a beam release
- L6: Question // How to stiffen boom
- L3: Question // I cannot mesh because the orientation is colinear with the element orientation
- L5: Question // I have an element which does not move
- L6: Question // I have very small eigenfrequencies what to do / My constraints do not work
- L7: Question // I have very weird (maximum) displacements for group results
- L2: Question // I want to build a latice structure in my model
- L7: Question // If I have a slenderness ratio > 100 but a utilization factor <1 is that still fine?
- L2: Question // If the download wb3416_parametric_model.exe does not open use the already installed one
- L6: Question // Low eigenfrequencies 0.4 (not small!) how to increase
- L5: Question // Natural frequency is ok, but the model does not move
- L2: Question // SDC Verifier is different in the lecture slides than then current SDC verifier
- L3: Question // Solve error singularity: Check eigenfrequencies: if eigenfrequencies are 0 there is no stiffness
- L6: Question // What does an offset do?
- L4: Question // What forces to take into account when breaking
- L6: Question // What is a normal deflection of your boom tip
- L4: Question // What to do with the engine room
- L7: Question // When is a load not important and can you exclude it from your report
- L4: Question // Where to apply constraints
- L7: Question // Why do I need to lift my boom up?
- L7: Question // Why do I see only stresses in x direction and in all other directions 0?
- L7: Question // Why do we need reaction forces?
- L7: Question // Why do you apply the side load in 2 directions
- L7: Question // Why not use combination, buffer, side load and storm?
- L7: Question // Why use both side acceleration and side loads